Located in the southeast of Jilin province, the administrative area of the Changbai Mountain Protection Development Management Committee spans Antu county in the Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture, Fusong county in Baishan city, and Changbai Korean autonomous prefecture. The region borders the Democratic People's Republic of Korea to the southeast.

The office of the management committee is located in Chibei district of the Changbai Mountain Protection and Development Zone, 550 kilometers away from Changchun, the capital of Jilin, 210 kilometers away from Yanji, the capital of Yanbian Korean autonomous prefecture, and 150 kilometers away from Antu. The intercity transportation within the area is convenient.

One hundred and twenty-eight kilometers from north to south and 88 kilometers from east to west, it covers 13,478.78 square kilometers and has a nature reserve at its core.